Saint Peter the Apostle was a well-known figure in early Christianity. Although there is no information on the life of Peter outside the Bible, in the Christian tradition, he is often depicted as the first on many occasions: the first to be called by Jesus, the first who recognized Jesus as 'the Christ', the first disciple to receive a post-resurrection appearance by Jesus; and retrospectively, the first pope of Rome. He is referred to as Simon Peter, Simeon, and Simon, son of Jonah. Paul often referred to him as Cephas, Aramaic for either 'crag' or 'stone', translated into the Latin 'Petrus', Peter. In biblical tradition, when someone was called by God (or in this case, Jesus), it was followed by a name change to indicate a new worldview.
This is a companion discussion topic for the original content at https://www.worldhistory.org/Saint_Peter/.