Local trade in ancient Mesopotamia began in the Ubaid period (circa 6500-4000 BCE), had developed into long-distance trade by the Uruk period (circa 4000-3100 BCE), and was flourishing by the time of the Early Dynastic period in Mesopotamia (circa 2900-2350/2334 BCE). Developments in trade continued up through 651 CE, the beginning of the medieval period of the Near East.
This is a companion discussion topic for the original content at https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2114/trade-in-ancient-mesopotamia/.